| repository-completeness bias | A large collection is treated as a complete repertoire. | Bind relevance to one use and list missing positions explicitly. |
| package-kind bias | Sections, tools, roles, and artifacts are all called Methods. | Recover each subject’s actual kind or provisional status before grouping. |
| lineage-progress bias | A later edition or descendant is assumed better or more effective. | Record only the supported provenance relation; evaluate worth and causality separately. |
| family-by-co-listing bias | Entries under one heading become a Method family. | Cite the independent family basis or call the result a project-local grouping. |
| freshness-by-date bias | The newest publication is assumed applicable to the current use. | Separate source edition, source-use currentness, evidence window, and applicability. |