| 1 | MMP.7 - Construct a Probability Model of the Recorded Data | Usable, evolving | observation; recorded data; selection; missing records; censoring; noise; probability law. What distribution does the recording procedure produce from the modeled possibilities? | C.16.IR for interpretation and inference; MMP.11 for unknown relations; MMP.8 when the record informs a choice. |
| 2 | MMP.12 - Formulate an Inverse Problem and Choose Whether and How to Use Regularization | Usable, evolving | inverse problem; identifiability; conditioning; regularization; restriction; penalty; target. Which unknowns can the records resolve, and what improvement and loss does a stable reconstruction introduce? | C.16.IR for compatible cases; MMP.11/.7 for the forward and recording relations; MMP.13 for inferential uncertainty; CMP for solving the formulated problem. |
| 3 | MMP.13 - Infer Unknowns Statistically under a Stated Observation Model | Usable, evolving | estimator; confidence coverage; prior; posterior; predictive uncertainty; dependence; target propagation. Which inferential construction supports the statement the receiver needs? | MMP.7 for the record law; MMP.12/C.16.IR for ambiguity; CMP.8/.9 for numerical computation; MMP.14/.8 for prediction checks and decisions. |
| 4 | MMP.14 - Find and Repair a Mathematical Model’s Failed Predictions | Usable, evolving | model criticism; predictive comparison; residual; conditional response; selection; repair; held-out prediction. Which discrepancy changes the use, what assumption can repair it, and what consequence must be recalculated? | MMP.7/.11/.13 for comparable predictions; B.5.RR for affected revision; CMP.8/.9 for numerical error; C.11.DUA for worthwhile further checking. |
| 5 | MMP.15 - Identify an Intervention Effect from Available Data | Usable, evolving | causal identification; intervention; adjustment; mediation; population transfer; support; partial identification. Which intervention consequence follows from the available laws and causal assumptions? | C.28.MR for intervention meaning; MMP.7/.13 for recording and estimation; C.16.IR for compatible possibilities; MMP.16 for worthwhile distinguishing observations. |
| 6 | MMP.19 - Construct and Bound a Mathematical Counterfactual Comparison under a Causal Model | Stable | counterfactual; same case; factual inference; common input; joint response; pathway; bounds. What would happen to the same case under another action, and what does the available information determine? | C.28.MR for changed mechanisms; MMP.7/.13 for factual records and inference; MMP.15 for identification; MMP.10/.16 for bounds and useful observations. |
| 7 | MMP.16 - Design Observations to Separate Mathematical Model Alternatives | Usable, evolving | observation design; discrimination; nuisance; recording law; value of information; feasible design. Which obtainable observation separates a consequential ambiguity, and can its benefit repay its burden? | MMP.7/.11/.12/.13 for predicted record laws; MMP.8/.8.SD for decisions; C.11.DUA for worthwhile further work; subject methods for realization. |