A.1.RI:2 - Problem

Observations describe what was found at particular occasions and under particular conditions. They can differ while concerning one object, or resemble one another while concerning different objects. A repeated name, location or appearance therefore has the identifying force supplied by the subject rules and observation conditions.

Pairwise plausible connections can also conflict. Under a model in which each object is detected once, assigning the same later detection to two earlier objects fails the joint account. Conversely, several complete associations may all satisfy the available constraints.

The practitioner needs to determine what the observations actually resolve and carry that result into the next calculation or action.