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CMP.10:3 - Forces
| Force | What must be reconciled |
| Read cost and update cost | Precomputed answers accelerate queries but need maintenance when inputs change. |
| Compactness and accessible distinctions | Fewer stored bits can require expensive decoding or discard required identity. |
| Local operations and global invariants | A changed element can affect several summaries or indexes. |
| Initial conversion and repeated use | A better per-operation bound may never repay construction cost. |
| Abstract operation count and realization | Bit growth, memory transfer and output size can dominate a word-operation estimate. |
| Generality and workload fit | A versatile structure can cost more than a simpler one for the actual operation mix. |