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CMP.7:3 - Forces
| Force | What must be reconciled |
| Expressive rules and learnability | A large rule family can represent more targets while requiring more information or search. |
| Available feedback and target use | Recorded labels or rewards may differ from the response the recipient actually needs. |
| Fit and generalization | Low loss on used examples leaves questions about unseen cases and changed conditions. |
| Statistical and computational efficiency | A class can be learnable in principle while obtaining its selected rule remains unaffordable. |
| Stability and adaptation | Retaining past information helps under stable conditions but can obstruct a changed target. |
| Point prediction and retained ambiguity | One chosen answer is convenient; unresolved alternatives can matter to the next action. |