| Several plausible explanations | The same missed action can have different causes and several can operate together. |
| Local knowledge and authority | Participants know important conditions, but their explanations do not alone settle empirical claims or commitments. |
| Timely help and uncertainty | A useful response may be justified before one cause is established. |
| Diagnostic depth and interruption | More detail can improve a decision or consume the window in which help matters. |
| Target integrity and local adaptation | A local repair can enable the intended practice or silently replace a decisive operation. |
| Adequate expertise and scarce supply | The needed answer may exist while no qualified provider is available at the required moment. |