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ME.19:3 - Forces
| Force | Tension |
| Useful history | Dated differentiation can expose alternatives and assumptions, while decorative chronology adds no decision value. |
| Diagnostic depth | Within-case observations can discriminate rivals, while narrative confidence does not supply identification or estimation. |
| Evolutionary language | Variation, selection, retention, and loss organize inquiry, while analogy can overstate causal mechanism. |
| Causal cost | Some decisions need causal reliance, while many can stop with description or a non-causal trial hypothesis. |
| Present authority | History can inform a choice, while it neither selects today’s architecture nor grants decision authority. |