MMP.11:2 - Problem

A familiar formula can exclude the response being sought. Giving a learner unrestricted freedom can create the opposite problem: the fitted response may violate a known relation. Fitting two interacting contributions independently can also destroy a property that depends on their connection.

Agreement with recorded outputs leaves another difficulty. Several parameter settings may define the same function, and several functions may produce the same observations. Some receiving questions distinguish those alternatives; others need only a consequence on which they agree. Choosing one fitted instance can conceal this difference.

The modeling work is to construct the adjustable contribution in a form that retains the supported relations, then determine what that family can establish for the present question. The construction itself may impose additional restrictions, so its expressive limits belong to the answer.