MMP.17:2 - Problem
A replacement can fit its construction cases and fail at the inputs or operations that matter next. Average accuracy can conceal a wrong threshold crossing, a lost dependence between outputs, or a derivative with the wrong sign. A source model can also be wrong in a way that its accurate surrogate faithfully reproduces.
The modeling problem is to construct a useful substitution without silently enlarging its promise: choose what to reproduce, obtain informative cases, build the replacement, and act on consequential discrepancies or lost structure.