PSD.11:4.4 - Check dependencies and shared burdens

Ask whether consequences share a cause, depend on the same resource, overlap in their accounting, or change under combination. A human–tool arrangement needs a whole-arrangement result; adding a worker’s effect to a tool’s effect can omit coordination loss or count the same resolved case twice.

Use the dependence structure required by the selected model. Do not assume independent failures simply because separate estimates exist. Linearity can justify adding expected contributions without independence, but it does not justify duplicated quantities, unsupported causal contributions, or a joint tail probability.

Inspect whether a claimed dominance survives the common conditions. Different favorable assumptions for different alternatives produce no fair comparison. If a required correspondence or joint model is missing, keep the particular relation unresolved.