Library / Problem Structuring and Decision Support Principles Framework
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Source changed 2026-10-03 05:29:54 UTC · snapshot created 2026-10-03 05:30:57 UTC · last check 2026-10-03 06:25:20 UTC

PSD.1:6 - Bias-Annotation

Scope: decision-support engagements for a named receiving decision or Work. Lenses: Gov concerns participation and decision authority; Arch, the engagement boundary and dependent contributions; Onto/Epist, keeping the subject, claims, recommendation, and later choice distinct; Prag, a useful return at proportionate effort; Did, plain entry cues that preserve the distinction between cheap recognition and consequential assurance.

Recurring biasLikely driftRepair
sponsor-language biasThe sponsor’s first wording becomes the problem and scope.Name the receiving use, affected consequence, exclusions, and reopen condition before accepting the formulation.
authority-by-visibility biasThe meeting chair, report author, model owner, or recipient is treated as the choice owner.Recover the later decision and its authority basis separately.
Method-first biasA familiar PSM, workshop, model, or scoring scheme determines the engagement boundary.Return the bounded question first; select Methods only for the result that is actually missing.
stakeholder-list biasA visible list is treated as complete participation and concern recovery.Continue with PSD.2 when affected Systems, representation, duties, interests, or dissent can change the return.
recommendation-as-choice biasA confident recommendation, rank, or tool output is presented as authorization.State the recipient, choice owner, next use, and stop at the recommendation boundary.
exhaustive-framing biasEvery possibly related concern is admitted before any useful result can be returned.Choose the smallest current boundary and one observable reopen condition.