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PSD.3:3 - Forces
| Force | Tension |
| Plurality | Rival formulations can prevent premature closure, while decorative variety wastes effort. |
| Usability | Each formulation must guide a next move, while early precision can pretend that contested claims are settled. |
| Participant fidelity | Concerns should shape formulations, while participation does not prove the formulation. |
| Evidence | A formulation reveals what evidence matters, while it must not smuggle unsupported causes or effects into the case. |
| Exploration and stopping | New frames can reveal alternatives, while an unbounded set cannot support a decision. |
| Authority | A recipient may compare formulations, while neither a facilitator nor the set itself owns the later choice. |