| “Agree on the problem first.” | Agree on the receiving use; retain materially different problem formulations. |
| “Brainstorm ten frames.” | Keep only formulations that change a named downstream move. |
| “Every stakeholder gets a frame.” | Build coherent formulations from material differences; participation identity does not define one frame each. |
| “The most popular frame is true.” | Popularity establishes neither truth, causal support, value priority, nor authority. |
| “A novel wording is a new problem.” | Use the material-difference test; use C.17 only if novelty characterization itself matters. |
| “The formulation set is an option archive.” | Use PSDA.5 for decision alternatives and C.18 for governed archives or fronts. |