SIE.6:2 - Problem

Claims that share a field name can concern different concepts, entities, grains, intervals, or authority scopes. Claims that do concern the same entity can disagree without either being malformed. A timestamp does not settle whether one claim supersedes another; a source rank does not explain why the rank applies; and an average can be meaningless across different measurement definitions.

If composition silently collapses these differences, later validation can test only the fused value. It cannot test the losing claim, the identity premise, the conflict rule, or the receiver’s permitted use. Provenance survives as a list of sources but no longer constrains meaning.