SYSE.2:8 - Common Anti-Patterns and How to Avoid Them

Anti-pattern	Working symptom	Repair
Environment-as-container	One box called environment, owner, or suprasystem is assumed to contain every relevant System.	Name the participating and affected Systems and the direct relation by which each changes the decision.
Representation lock-in	A ConOps, use-case, SysML, FAS, requirements, or story format is required before the working question is known.	Start from one linked claim and choose representations only for the use they improve.
Concept-as-finished-architecture	An internal concept diagram is treated as the selected architecture and other structures disappear.	Stop this pattern at the grounded architecture question; use `C.30` and `C.32` for architecture relations, selected structures, and candidates.
Fixed outside world	External Systems and Work arrangements are treated as fixed while only the designated System or its intended design may change.	Compare actual or proposed changes to the designated System, an external System, their relations, or several subjects; obtain specialist results where needed.
Test-as-benefit	One component or integration test is used as proof of outside use, benefit, acceptance, or complete assurance.	State which claim the evidence can support, its conditions, and which use or concept claim remains open.