OPS.8:6 - Bias-Annotation

Bias	Consequence	Countermeasure
board-boundary bias	Waiting disappears when an item leaves a local column.	Retain the operation’s population and waiting origin.
zero-buffer ideal	Protection is removed together with avoidable congestion.	State the disturbance and shortage consequence before changing the amount.
complete-kit absolutism	Every future result is demanded before any useful action can start.	Define readiness for the next service, not for the whole case’s eventual completion.
local-utilization pressure	More starts create incomplete kits and downstream waiting.	Inspect the accepted result and receiver-ready inputs.
pooling optimism	Mean efficiency hides class-specific or failure-related loss.	Compare the actual service criterion and resource assumptions.