Library / Problem Structuring and Decision Support Principles Framework
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Source changed 2026-10-03 02:22:15 UTC · snapshot created 2026-10-03 03:38:22 UTC · last check 2026-10-03 04:25:17 UTC

PSD.14:2 - Problem

A recommendation, a later authorized decision, implementation and observed consequences are different results. Yet follow-up often treats the recommendation as evidence of what was chosen and treats a plan as evidence of what was done. A missing report then looks like “no change,” and any later improvement looks like success of the advice.

The reverse failure is indiscriminate reopening. Every source revision, new observation or changed model version causes the whole engagement to restart, even when only one candidate or consequence claim relied on the changed premise. Useful independent results are delayed while the actual gap remains poorly specified.

When future observations are needed, design their collection and interpretation around the claim they can change. When an existing change can already be assessed, return its claim-level effect directly. An observation arrangement needs an interpreting owner, a qualified receiving use, a timely route and an honest answer when access or evidence fails.